Ogpu definition and meaning collins english dictionary. For a fuller account of this story, including grossmans astutely phrased letter to yezhov, see john garrard and carol garrard, the bones of berdichev. The world first learned of history s worst nuclear accident from sweden, where abnormal radiation levels were registered at one of its nuclear facilities. Soviet prison camps and their legacy by david hosford, pamela kachurin and thomas lamont a project of the national park service and the national resource center for russian, east european and central asian studies, harvard university.
Stalinism is a provocative addition to the current debates related to the history of the stalinist period of the soviet union. An online bibliography of related source materials is published by the state. A time magazine article in 1983 reported that the kgb was the worlds most effective informationgathering organization. The peoples commissariat for internal affairs abbreviated nkvd was the interior ministry of the. This closely documented study chronicles the chekas emergence as a vast, ubiquitous, and allpurpose apparatus for the suppression of. Aleksandr solzhenitsyn and others after him have written movingly about the gulag, yet never has there been a thorough historical study of this unique and tragic episode in soviet history. It operated legal and illegal espionage residencies in target countries where a legal resident gathered intelligence while based at the soviet embassy or consulate, and, if caught, was protected from prosecution by diplomatic immunity. He was the subject of complimenting fine ar t, writing. Two hundred years together complete edition in 2 volumes dvesti let vmeste v 2h tomah in rus by alexander solzhenitsyn 20080802.
The falsification of photographs and art in stalins russia by david king 1997 by metropolitanhenry holt and co. List of books and articles about gestapo online research. History of the soviet union with an emphasis on its state security services and their role in maintaining cohesion throughout the ussr. Pdf files for the various sections of the book are available on hoovers website, and are linked to here in the order they appear in. The life and fate of vasily grossmanfree press, pp. The book is the autobiographical account of vladimir brunovsky, who was latvian and if i remember correctly a bolshevik party member or sympathizer. Orlando figes and stalins victims this article is more than 7 years old this is an extract from an article published on on 23 may and in the nation on 11 june. Soviet history books were modified to give him a more noticeable part in the upheaval and mythologize different parts of his life. Collects the writings of a diverse group of people who survived imprisonment in the gulag, recounting their experiences and relationships, and offering insight into the psychological aspects of life. The kgb of cold war renown was the successor to a series of equally infamous and lethal state security agencies that date from the early days of the russian revolution. Kgb full english name committee for state security, foreign intelligence and domestic security agency of the soviet union. The human cost of the gulag, the soviet labor camp system in which millions of people were imprisoned between 1920 and 1956, was staggering. In 19, he adopted the name stalin, which is derived from the russian stal russian. A history of the soviet camps anne applebaum 610pp, allen lane.
Joseph stalin books and biography free pdf books from bookyards, one of the worlds first online libraries to offer ebooks to be downloaded for free. The cheka and nkvd gradually evolved into the kgb and mvd. He began writing his first novel, legion of the damned, in a prisoner of war camp at the end of the second world war. Joseph stalin was born iosif vissarionovich dzhugashvili in gori, georgia, russian empire to vissarion dzhugashvili and ekaterina geladze. For best results, please read in chronological order. Photographs for publication were retouched and restructured with airbrush and scalpel to make famous personalities vanish. See the many memorial books and martyrologies issued in recent years in. With the formation of the soviet union in december 1922, a unified organization was required to exercise control over state security throughout the new union. The middle peasants were about 60% of the population.
Russian state archive of social and political history hereafterrgaspi. Applebaum, of course, had access to historic records of the xssr while solzhenitsyn had to depend on his own and other inmates memories. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Sheila fitzpatrick has collected together the newest and the most exciting work by young russian, american and european scholars, as well as some of the seminal articles that have influenced them, in an attempt to reassess this contentious subject in the. History of soviet and russian espionage in the united. The website gives links to pdf lists of archival fonds. Sven hassels unflinching narrative is based on his own experiences in the german army. I started gulag once, got so depressed that i set it aside, and then picked it up and read it through again. Collectivization and the culture of peasant resistance. The bancroft library at uc berkeley, berkeleys primary rare books and manuscripts repository. The kgbs responsibilities also included the protection of the countrys political leadership, the supervision of border troops, and. The joint state political directorate also translated as the allunion state political administration and unified state political directorate was the secret police of the soviet union from 1923 to 1934.
Orlando figes is the author of eight books on russia that have been translated into twentyseven languages. The commissar vanishes offers a chilling look at how one man joseph stalin manipulated the science of photography to advance his own political career and to erase memories off his victims. Ropshin and other ebooks from all genres of literature, both fiction and nonfiction, historical documents and sheet music, all of which are available on a subscription basis. In 1934 the functions of the ogpu were transferred to the nkvd peoples commissariat for internal affairs, which was also responsible for all places of detention e. In 1929 and 1930, the ogpu recorded 22,887 terrorists acts aimed at local officials and peasant activists, more than 1,100 murders.
Felix dzerzhinsky, chairman of the gpu, became the ogpus first chief. After glasnost, the official censor boasted that it was thanks to him that, for instance, solzhenitsyns manuscripts were saved. Taylor books and biography free pdf books from bookyards, one of the worlds first online libraries to offer ebooks to be downloaded for free. Rupert butler is a journalist and author of several books on military history, germany and russia in world war ii, including ss wiking. This is a mustread if youre interested in soviet history like i am. Departing from brussels, his train is blown up en route to moscow by an agent of the. Tintin, a reporter for le petit vingtieme, and his dog snowy are sent on assignment to the soviet union. When searching for publications of or about primary sources, add the term sources to your subject terminology in a subject search. Since the late 1920s, the soviet union, through its ogpu and nkvd intelligence services, used russians and foreignborn nationals as well as communist, and people of american origin to perform espionage activities in the united states. Primary archival repositories in russia for russiansoviet history research. The adventures of tintin comic read the adventures of. Try searching on jstor for other items related to this book. Its official name was the joint state political directorate. This chapter offers an account of the history of the statistical agencies.
Even for a general reader, this would be a fun and quick read. The books seized by ogpu later the kgb were carefully recorded, copied, filed and stored. This chapter offers an account of the history of the statistical. The first secret police, called the cheka, was established in december 1917 as a temporary institution to be abolished once vladimir lenin and the bolsheviks had consolidated their power. Ogpu, nkvd, and mvd were sent to work for other ministries as well. Established by lenin just six weeks after the coup of october 1917, the cheka was soviet russias first political police organization. Bolstered by publicity stunts, land of the soviets was a commercial success in belgium, and also witnessed serialisation in france and switzerland. Orlando figes and stalins victims peter reddaway and. Ogpu was the secret police of the soviet union from 1922 to 1934. This closely documented study chronicles the chekas emergence as a vast, ubiquitous, and allpurpose apparatus for the suppression of internal opposition. Pdf the main aim of this study is to offer a comparative analysis of historical. The ogpu was theoretically supposed to operate with more restraint than the original bolshevik secret police, the cheka. These various espionage networks had contact with various u.
Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle. Ogpu an organization for investigating and combating counterrevolutionary activities in the former soviet union, existing from 1922 19223 as the gpu to 1934 and replacing the cheka. Anne applebaums work is more of a straightforward history that solzhenitsyns personal memoir the gulag archipelago. The mass executions, the mock trials, the betrayals and purges, the jailings and secret torture that ravaged the soviet union during the three decades of stalins dictatorship, were the result of a tight network of trusted henchmen and women, spies, psychopaths, and thugs. The history of the early years of soviet military counterintelligence is poorly known. At some point, he fell under suspicion by the ogpu, and was arrested and began a long ordeal in soviet prisons where he was subjected to numerous interrogations and all kinds of psychological pressure to induce him to talk even though he hadnt done anything wrong. Prisoners and administrators who became available after completion of the bbk were transferred to the volgamoskva canal. After the september 11, 2001, attacks, the end of history was cited by some commentators as a symbol of the supposed naivete and undue optimism of the western f. Thus, on november 15, 1923, the state political directorate left the soviet nkvd and came directly under the council of peoples commissars as the allunion joint state political. Stalins attempts, through beria and the nkvd, in july 1941 to seek peace with the. Its official name was joint state political directorate under the council of peoples commissars of the ussr russian. This article describes military counterintelligence. Collectively, these agencies enabled the soviet structure to remain in place as long as it did, and longer than it might have otherwise. Oleg khlevniuk rightly stated that until we know the logic behind the way that the pavlov figures were constructed it would be rash to place too much faith in them.
This was reorganized 1922 as the gpu, later the ogpu united state political administration. Ogpu simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Paintings, too, were withdrawn from museums and art the commissar vanishes. When a russian author has published a book or article in english, i use the spelling of his or her name adopted by that author. Herge continued the adventures of tintin with tintin in the congo, and the series became a defining part of the francobelgian comics tradition. History of soviet and russian espionage in the united states. In the case of chinese names, i have generally used the pinyin system. Library of congress subject headings the taxonomy used by north american library catalogs to label resources thematically appends the word sources to subject descriptors to designate publications of or about primary sources, e. Russian history textbooks prescribed by the ministry of education and. Russia history revolution, 19051907 sources serfdom russia history sources glavnoe upravlenie ispravitel. Soviet prison camps and their legacy by david hosford, pamela kachurin and thomas lamont a project of the national park service and the. Burnt by the sun examines the history of the first korean diaspora in a western society during the highly. Powerpoint based on lynch, stalins russia 192453 chapter 2 and 3 davies, sarah, and james harris. Thus, on november 15, 1923, the state political directorate left the soviet nkvd and came directly under the council of peoples commissars as the allunion joint state political directorate.
Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading stalins secret police. Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. Nov 24, 2018 these thugs carried out mass purgesexecutionsdeportations genocide by manmade famine in ukrainetorture ran the gulag forced slave labour camps. Ranking as one of the greatest industrial accidents of all time, the chernobyl disaster and its impact on the course of soviet events can scarcely be exaggerated. Cheka, ogpu, gpu, nkvd, nkgb, mvd and kgb has too long obscured. While the gestapo was known and feared, the existence of the sd was known to few. At the end of 1941 time magazine made joseph stalin its man of the year.
There is much quantitative data on different aspects of the soviet repressive system, but there has remained a reluctance to place much faith in these data. From the beginning of their regime, the bolsheviks relied on a strong secret, or political, police to buttress their rule. Invoke the sacred sound that can heal and transform downloading ebook to iphone. This is an edited volume published by the hoover institution press at stanford in 2003. Ogpu an organization for investigating and combating counterrevolutionary activities in the former soviet union 1, existing from 1922 19223 as the gpu to 1934 and replacing the cheka. In 1930, more than two million peasants took part in,754 mass disturbances. Revelations from the russian archives library of congress. In the late 1920s, he directed the strength and terror of the ogpu to repress social groups such as. The powers of the gestapo, the ss, and the sd were vast. On stalins orders, purged rivals were airbrushed from group portraits, and crowd scenes were altered to depict even greater legions of the faithful. This iconic antiwar novel is a testament to the atrocities suffered by the lone soldier in the fight for survival. The methods of the ogpu hardcover january 1, 1931 by vladimir brunovsky author 4. However, formatting rules can vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study.